Trinity and Beyond: The Atomic Bomb Movie

For the last week we have been watching Trinity and Beyond in our Science class as a intention to expand our knowledge of the Nuclear Age bomb advancements after World War II's devastating end after the bombing at Nagasaki and Hiroshima and the events that led up to us being able to use the bombs through air, ocean, and land. A couple of history facts are that in May 1945 the first large devastating bomb was ever dropped. On August 23, 1933 the American/European program called the "Manhattan Project" was started. Los Alumos was the drop site of these bombs made from the Manhattan Project. On May 8th, 1945 Nazi Germany surrenders to the powerful allies now that their leader has succumb to pressure which led to his suicide. But, the war on the Pacific is only halfway through. Tinion Island far from Japan, but still close enough was the base of where the A-bombs that were dropped on Japan were stored. Enola Gay set off from the island to its two drop points, Nagasaki and Hiroshima. Later in the years of testing after the devastation at Operation Crossroads had prevented this. The U.S. now opens Operation Woodwall the first ever deep underwater bombing test. It's power is unimaginable. Before World War II the U.S. looked to the air after land and ocean had shown its power, which led to the development of Cherokee the first air delivered bomb. Lastly, Operation Plumbob was the largest atmospheric test of a Nuclear Bomb ever in the history of man. It caused a world-wide EMP (Electro-Magnetic Pulse) blast. Some scientific facts from the movie are that Plutonium and Uranium were needed for the first Atomic bombs. When the plutonium in the A-bomb implodes that is what causes the Atomic blast. A-bomb can cause temperature spikes, incinerates all nearby life, and can cause temporary blindness when looked at. The bombs that were dropped in Japan were the Little Boy which was a 15 kiloton Uranium bomb that was dropped in Hiroshima and the Fat Man which was a 20 kiloton Plutonium bomb that was dropped in Nagasaki. The Item Bomb was the 1st Speed dropped bomb. The George bomb was the 1st ever Thermonuclear Bomb. The Mike Bomb was the 1st ever "Wet Bomb" which used liquid nitrogen. The Ivy Mike bomb was the 1st ever Hydrogen Bomb which was 5 megatons. Castle Bravo was the largest Thermonuclear bomb and was 15 megatons. Strontium was released from the atmospheric tested bombs and can radiate human bones to cause Leukemia. When a nuclear bomb is fired under ground it can vaporize all near rock into a molten bubble of lava. Some of the first "space" nuclear bombs carrier rockets ran on liquid oxygen. These rockets were called "Redstone Rockets" The movie ended depicting the aggressive tensions of the Korean people and how they have developed Nuclear technology and could possibly use it in any case of war.

Chemistry at ASU

Today we went to ASU to see the science facilities and even use some of the items in them. First we saw an electron microscope which we learned different measurements of weight and that electrons are not coloured at all, but that it was the colour from the light. Next we saw a teacher who showed us how light can refract off certain items. For example we turned on a fan with 3 different colours on three different blades. then turned off the lights and turned on a strobe-like flashlight which at different speeds of flashing showed different things on the fan. Also, I got to ride a hovercraft which actually floated in the air! Then we went to a room with two electric shock machines where it recreated what shocking your friend when you rubbed your feet on a carpet would feel like. Afterwards we went to an air pressure room and learned that there is an outside air pressure and inside air pressure for example every time you breathe in it is exerting outside air pressure to your body. Then we went and lunch and talked to two undergraduates. Lastly, we went to an auditorium and saw a balloon filled with hydrogen explode when a flame was near it.

Polymers:Sodium Silicate and Ethyl Alcohol

State the question: What will sodium silicate and Ethyl Alcohol make as a polymer?

Hypothesis: The polymer will be stronger or weaker because of the amount of sodium silicate and ethyl alcohol.

Materials:
Sodium silicate (water glass) solution, 12 mL
Ethyl Alcohol 3 mL
2 small beakers
Stirring rod
Paper towels

Procedure: Measure out 12 mL of sodium silicate then pour it into one of your small beakers. Now place 3 mL of ethyl alcohol in another small beaker. Then slowly add the alcohol to the sodium silicate. Get your stirring rod and use a slow circular motion until the substance is solid. Now place the polymer into your plam and roll it around until it becomes a ball almost it can still have some bumps. Dispose of as instructed.

Results:




The 1st picture illustrates how the Sodium Silicate and Ethyl Alcohol should look before mixing. The 2nd is how they look when they have been stirred a little bit. The 3rd is the final product of the two

Conclusion:
Well we made a polymer our of our monomers! My hypothesis wasn’t exactly directed to the question thus proved wrong ultimately. This could help because it gives us experience in how to make polymers. When there is at least two monomers and a cross-linking agent you can make a polymer. We had no problem with this lab at all. We could perhaps use this experiment to re-create it with either more or less sodium silicate and/or ethyl alcohol! I would change the amounts of the monomers so we could maybe have a larger polymer when made.

Cross Linking Glue With Borax

STQ: What is the change in physical properties of a polymer in the results of cross-linking?

Hypothesis: Bonding the glue and the Borax and water will cause it to be thicker and a slight puddy like form and texture.

Procedures: Add 1 tablespoon of Borax powder to 100 mL of water in the 600 mL beaker and stir. Measure out 25 mL Elmer’s Glue in the 250 mL beaker and add 5 mL of water and stir. Mix 40 mL of Borax solution to the glue solution and stir vigorously for a little while and it will change to a puddy like substance. You can now dump out the rest of the water once you have taken out your puddy.

Results:

It looks sort of clumpy as the picture shows and feels quite gooey and squishy, and smells like glue of course. On a scale of 1-5 for slimness is a 2. When you poke it slowly it sort of goes concave and then goes back to normal. My finger does not go through at all! When you poke it fast the same thing happens. When you stretch it slowly it will strech quite a bit then break, but if you do it fast it will immediately snap into 2 pieces. When flattening it it becomes flat then goes back to the way it was before. When dropped from 30 cm it bounced back 15 cm.
1.)How is slime viso-elastic?
It was viso-elastic because it always tried to go back to the original shape.

2.)What are the physical properties that change as a result of the addition of sodium
It started to get a puddy like texture and the glue and Borox bonded together.

3.)What would be the effect of adding more sodium borate to your cup?
I think it would hold the puddy together longer if more Borox solution was added.

4.)How does water affect elasticity of the palmer?
Water held the puddy together better so when it dried the more brittle it was. Elasticity is the stretchiness of an item.

5.)What is the repeating molecule?
The repeating molecules were as shown in number 6

6.)What is the structural formula of the poly(vinvyl alcohol) monomer?
H3-C2-OH

7.)Circle the borax cross-linking agent.
Out of the two pictures the one with the B in the middle is the Borox cross-linking agent.

Conclusion!
Well we made a polymer our of our monomers! Exactly how I believed my hypothesis to be! This could help because it gives us experience in how to make polymers! There needs to be at least two monomers and a cross-linking agent! The only problem we had was a little hiccup when we had a teaspoon and it said 1 tablespoon, but a group member helped me remember it was 3 teaspoons per 1 tablespoon. We could use this to perhaps recreate the experiment to make puddy for little siblings to goof around with! Adding more Borox could perhaps change the thickness or the strength of the puddy.

ChemThink; Chemical Reactions

1.)Reactants

2.)Products

3.)A chemical change has take place.

4.) Rearrangement

5.)breaking and forming

6.)the same atoms

7.)missing or new

8.)rearrange the bonds

9.)2 and 2, 1, 1.

10.)2,1,1

11.)The Law of Conservation Mass

12.)atoms and atoms

13.)2,1,2

14.)1,2,11

15.)Cu,O

16.)O,Cu,Cu

17.)2,1,2,2,2,2,2

18.)1,4,2,1

19.)1,3,2

20.)2,2,3

21.)4,3,2

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1.)Breaking bonds, making bonds, or both

2.)the same present atoms before and after the reaction

3.)coefficients, atom

Chemical Reactions Demonstration

For the first demonstration we put 25 mL of ethanol into a 2 L bottle and swirled it all around and stuff. Then she swirled around the capped bottle. She poured out the ethanol into the trash when most of it turned into gas. Then she put a barbecue lighter to the top of the bottle. So when the ethanol hit the torch it produced combustion! Now for the next experiment she put vinegar and then baking soda into a beaker. Then lit two candles. So when the ingredients mixed in the beaker we got carbon dioxide! So with the two candles lit. She "poured" the gas emitted from the mixing of the two reactants onto the flame emitted from the candles and the flame went out entirely! This was because the carbon dioxide took away the oxygen the flame needed. The last experiment was we had chlorine and zinc. We poured 200 mL of the chlorine into our new clean beaker. Then added zinc. This caused another chemical reaction! The mixture produced a very flammable gas. Then we put our barbecue lighter to the gas and the mixture was immediately set on fire.

Chemistry: Temperature vs. Dissolve Time Lab

Question: How can temperature affect chemical reaction

Hypothesis: Higher temperature will mean less dissolving time.

Temp: 56 Celsius Time: 23.3 Seconds

Temp: 25.9 Celsius Time: 31.2 Seconds

Temp: 0.8 Celsius Time: 2 Minutes 40 Seconds

Freezing and Melting Water Lab Post

Question: How do freezing and melting points differ?

Hypothesis: The temperature of water will be colder when it is in the ice because to become ice it needs less energy

Freezing Point: -6.058
Melting Point: 0.07935

Questions about the lab:

1) The water temperature during freezing went downward during the 10 minute stirring period, then when we left it still for 5 minutes the temperature went up but was still in the negative.

2) In the freezing period the freezing point was -6.1 C then the melting point was 0.1 C

3) The freezing was a lot colder than melting for obvious reasons.

4a) The beginning the kinetic energy increased at the end it decreased

4b) The kinetic energy was constant throughout

4c) The kinetic energy increased.

4d) It remained constant!

Chemistry Lab Report

The amount of gas and water in the 125 mL flask was never changed in order to keep all results accurate except for the 350 mL and 700 mL flasks when ice was added, the new amount was 400 mL and 800 mL, dependent of the beaker. Looking through the data an explanation that as more pressure was applied the hotter the temperature was. This is explained by using concepts of molecular velocity and collisions of molecules because a measurement of energy of molecules is temperature and pressure being related to force of collisions of the molecules. As temperature and pressure increase, so do the velocity of the molecules and their collision force. The data shows that this explanation can also be in an equation! Since temperature directly affects pressure, pressure can be divided by temperature to end up with the constant value (P/T=k pressure divided by temperature(degrees Kelvin)= a constant value). Seeing this, saying that doubling temperature would do the same to the pressure.

100 Greatest Discoveries: Chemistry Summary

In 100 Greatest Discoveries: Chemistry. Bill Nye meets with several different chemists who also talk about chemists that have died who discovered many great things. For example, Joesph Priestley initiated the study of chemistry in 1770 with the discovery of oxygen,and Henri Becquerel with the discovery of radioactivity, or Ernest Rutherford with the discovery of the Atom. The video teaches of the discoveries of old and new one's being developed into new things today like nanotechnology. At the beginning you learn about the periodic table of elements. Then you move on to the discovery of Bucky Balls and Bucky Tubes the strongest material when broken down into many fibers and put together.